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Oncology

Breast restoration


"CANCER IS NOT A VERDICT"

Problems of breast cancer diagnostics and treatment remain issues of the day in the whole world. In female oncological pathology structure breast cancer occupies leading position.

In Ukraine breast cancer makes 20% of all female oncological diseases. Unfortunately, this pathology is predominant among woman of working age, from 30 to 55, and exhibits tendency to affect more and more younger women. Women under 30 make 4% of all breast cancer patients. Breast cancer probability increases with age. The disease risk is very high, and it is estimated that in one case out of ten a woman may encounter breast cancer problem throughout her life.

Risk factors

heredity
early sexual life start
abortions
late first delivery
contraceptives use
late menopause
hormone-replacement therapy during menopause
fibrocystic breasts
atypical epithelial hyperplasia
endocrine diseases

 

Diagnostics

Modern practical medicine has made a great progress in early oncological diseases diagnostics. Treatment success significantly depends on timely diagnosis. Diagnosis of I-II disease stages is made in 70% of cases, this means that in 80-90% cases treatment may be effective. Important place in early diagnostics occupies breast self-examination, including palpation, allowing to exhibit any dense foci, non-uniformity of tissue density, as well as examination before mirror – discovery of skin retractions, nipple condition. Discovery at least of one of the above-mentioned symptoms should lead to consultation with medical specialist.
Special examination methods, such as ultrasound, mammography, MRT, oncomarkers CA15-3, etc. are needed.
This is why obligatory yearly preventive examination (every 6-12 months) is necessary, which guarantees oncological pathologies discovery at early stages. Disease late discovery is principal reason for low treatment effectiveness and high mortality.
Treatment tactics includes surgery and post-operative treatment. Depending on prognosis treatment might be radical, palliative or symptomatic.
Surgery is the only radical treatment (radical mastectomy), which in the most cases means complete breast extirpation. However, this is only start of struggle for patient health.
Such severe prognosis and breast absence 9as radical surgery result) mean serious psychological and social problems. Woman encounters problem of loosing her beauty, femininity, sexuality, and social adaptation. During post-operative period 25% patients develop a severe psychological depression.

Reconstructive-restorative operations
after radical mastectomy are aimed at breast volume and form restoration. They are surgical method of effective psychological and social patient rehabilitation.
Reconstructive-restorative operations results depend on surgeon tactics during radical mastectomy.

In every individual case thoroughly esteemed by surgeon-oncologist tumor relapse risk determines mastectomy radicalism, and depending on the mastectomy completion depends esthetic result of single-stage or delayed reconstructive-restorative breast plastics.

Single-stage breast plastics has several important advantages: psychological, esthetic, preventive and economical.

Its psychological advantage is that the woman’s psychological condition is not stressed additionally, is not affected negatively, and restored breast is perceived as proper body part.

Breast restorative plastics on mobile tissues, unchanged by scars allows for better esthetic result.

There is no need for repeated surgery and possible complications risks.

Costs are reduced, associated with repeated surgery and hospital stay.

Implants use in single-stage or delayed reconstructive-restorative breast surgery after radical mastectomy allows achieving a good esthetic result, to shorten considerably surgery duration, blood loss, need for additional donor tissues, decreasing surgical trauma, and to shorten the patient’s stay in hospital.

 






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